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Lebanon’s Civil War
Primer Lebanon’s 15-Year War 1975 to 1990
The Making of a Tragedy – American Intervention in Lebanon, 1982 to 1984
Non-UN Peacekeeping Operations in the Middle East
Exchange of Notes, US participation in MNF
The Four Power Multi-National Force in Lebanon, 1982 to 1984, Peacekeeping or Intervention
Beirut Memorial On Line
Although there were multiple sources for the images used on this site, the majority of the images used for the United States MNF casualties were obtained from the Beirut Memorial On Line (http://www.beirut-memorial.org), and in turn, directly from the family next-of-kin. All copyrights and permission for use are reserved by the family next-of-kin. Downloading, capturing and reuse of these images is strictly prohibited. Please contact Beirut Memorial On Line for with any questions or inquiries.
US Marines in Lebanon
REPORT OF THE DOD COMMISSION ON BEIRUT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT TERRORIST ACT, OCTOBER 23, 1983
20 DECEMBER 1983
BLT Building
Texas National Security Review, Volume 2, Issue 2, (February 2019)
Time Magazine, 7 November 1983
Newsweek Magazine, 7 November 1983
US Navy Cruise Books
US Bureau of Diplomatic Security
The shipboard Beirut terrorist bombing experience: a historical account and recommendations for preparedness in events of mass neurological injuries
On Sunday, October 23 1983, at 6:24 a.m., 58 French paratroopers and a Lebanese family died in an attack on the Drakkar post
A Blueprint for Successful Peacekeeping? The Italians in Beirut (Lebanon), 1982–1984
SHAPING NATIONAL ROLE ABROAD: ITALIAN MILITARY MISSIONS SINCE THE EIGHTIES
SOLDIERS OF PEACE: The Italian Armed Forces in International Peace Operations as an Instrument of Italian Foreign Policy, 1980-1994
Prime Ministerial Private Office files, Lebanon (Internal situation; Israeli/Lebanese hostilities; Multinational Force (MNF) in Lebanon; UK/Lebanese relations)
12/7/82 to 5/8/83
31/10/83 to 1/11/83
1/11/83 to 4/12/83
4/12/83 to 30/12/83
1/1/84 to 27/2/84
Cabinet Office, Conclusions of Meetings held at 10 Downing Street, 1983 and 1984
1983 Lebanon:
1984 Lebanon:
Records of the Ministry of Defence
DEFE
DEFE 24/2962
Lebanon: Reason to Send Troops
Date: 1982 Sep 01 – 1983 Feb 28
Reference: DEFE 71/1077
Lebanon: Operation Hyperion, evacuation and Operation Pulsator, supporting operations.
Date: 1983 Dec 28 – 1984 June 7
DEFE 70/3272
Combat development: Operation Hyperion; Royal Armoured Corps reconnaissance squadron Lebanon
Date: 1982 Dec 21 – 1984 Apr 2
Extract: DEFE 70/3273, Scimitar in Beirut
DEFE 70/1246
Middle East: Lebanon; lessons learnt from British Forces Lebanon and the protection of the British Embassy
Date: 1984 July 26 – 1984 Dec 20
Extract: DEFE 70/1246, US Annex bombing RMP Report
Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO)
FCO 47/1169
Proposed Lebanese awards to the British Contingent serving with the Multinational Force in Lebanon (MNF)
The Battle of the Medals
Date: 1983 Jan 1 – 1983 Dec 31
FCO 46/4242
Operation Hyperion: British military deployment with the Multinational Peacekeeping Force in Lebanon
Date: 1984 Jan 01 – 1984 Dec 31
Extract: FCO 46/4242, Lebanese Factions
FCO 46/4243
Operation Hyperion: British military deployment with the Multinational Peacekeeping Force in Lebanon (including redeployment of BritForLeb, 8 Feb and civilian evacuation 11 Feb 1984)
ROYAL AIR FORCE
Multinational Force in Lebanon (MNF): Operation Hyperion
AIR 23/8772
Date: 1983 Jan 05 – 1983 Sep 01
AIR 23/8773
Date: 1983 Aug 30 – 1983 Nov 15
AIR 23/8774
Date: 1983 Nov 14 – 1984 Jul 19
War Office and Ministry of Defence: Army Unit Historical Records and Reports
WO-305
Commander’s Diary: Headquarters British Forces Lebanon; Operation Hyperion
(British military deployment to the multi-national peacekeeping force in Lebanon)
WO 305/5344/1
Date: 1983 Jan 01 – 1983 Mar 31
WO 305/5344/2
Date: 1983 Jan 01 – 1983 Mar 31
WO 305/6183
Date: 1983 Apr 01 – 1983 Apr 30
WO 305/6194
Date: 1983 May 01 – 1983 May 31
WO 305/6231
Date: 1983 Jun 01 – 1983 Jun 30
WO 305/6232
Date: 1983 Jul 01 – 1983 Jul 31
WO 305/5345
Date: 1983 Aug 01 – 1983 Aug 31
WO 305/6481
Date: 1983 Sep 01 – 1993 Oct 19
WO 305/6269
Date: 1983 Oct 01 – 1983 Oct 31
WO 305/5529
Date: 1983 Nov 01 – 1983 Nov 30
LONDON GAZETTE and NATIONAL ARCHIVE
Operation Hyperion, Offcut and Pulsator, Operational Awards and Honours
1983 – 1985
PUBLICATIONS
Soldier Magazine, March 1983
Royal Signals Wire Magazine
The Vital Link The Story of Royal Signals, 1945–1985, Philip Warner
The Journal of the Pen & Sword, March 2018
Lunt, James. The Scarlet Lancers: The Story of the 16th/5th: The Queen’s Royal Lancers, 1689–1992. Pen & Sword Books. Chapter 14,
Beirut, December 1983- March 1984
The Regimental Journal of 1st. The Queen’s Dragoon Guards, 1983
C Sqn:
A Sqn:
A Pictorial History of the Regiment, 1959 to 2009
Regimental Journal of the QDG, 2022, C Sqn in Beirut Feb to August 1983
The Spectator
The Daily Telegraph
Unpublished Sources
VIDEO’S
Compilation of A Sqn., 1st. The Queen’s Dragoon Guards on Operation Hyperion, Beirut, August to December 1983.
AFTER THE MASSACRE (Beirut, 1983)
1983 BBC1 documentary about young British soldiers stationed in West Beirut in the aftermath of the massacre of civilians in the Palestinian refugee camps of Sabra and Chatila. A sequel to BEFORE THE MASSACRE (Beirut, 1982)
1983 News Review
1983 CNN LIVE Beirut Barracks Bombing Part 1, Featuring CNN Correspondent Jim Clancy
Beirut Bombing
Lebanon and Grenada: President Reagans Address on Events in Lebanon and Grenada 10/27/83
24 hours with Charlie Company
Marines of Beirut
NewsHour flashback: Jim Webb’s Emmy-winning report on Lebanese Civil War
Remembering the Louisiana soldiers who celebrated Christmas in Beirut, 1983
Lebanon Marine Song
Lebanon Civil War Middle East 1983
Syria War Lebanon Thames Television
Lebanon Civil War 1976 The Agony of Lebanon This Week